enlightenment now steven pinker

INSTANT NEW YORK TIMES BESTSELLER A NEW YORK TIMES NOTABLE BOOK OF 2018ONE OF THE ECONOMIST''S BOOKS OF THE YEAR"My new favorite book of all time." --Bill Gates If you think the world is coming to an end, think again: people are living longer, healthier, freer, and happier lives, and while our problems are formidable, the solutions lie in the Enlightenment ideal of using reason and science.Is the world really falling apart? Is the ideal of progress obsolete? In this elegant assessment of the human condition in the third millennium, cognitive scientist and public intellectual Steven Pinker urges us to step back from the gory headlines and prophecies of doom, which play to our psychological biases. Instead, follow the data: In seventy-five jaw-dropping graphs, Pinker shows that life, health, prosperity, safety, peace, knowledge, and happiness are on the rise, not just in the West, but worldwide. This progress is not the result of some cosmic force. It is a gift of the Enlightenment: the conviction that reason and science can enhance human flourishing.Far from being a naïve hope, the Enlightenment, we now know, has worked. But more than ever, it needs a vigorous defense. The Enlightenment project swims against currents ... Unknown localization key: "more"

Objev podobné jako Enlightenment Now - Steven Pinker

THE TOP TEN SUNDAY TIMES BESTSELLER''Bristles with pure, crystalline intelligence, deep knowledge and human sympathy'' Richard Dawkins Is modernity really failing? Or have we failed to appreciate progress and the ideals that make it possible?If you follow the headlines, the world in the 21st century appears to be sinking into chaos, hatred, and irrationality. Yet Steven Pinker shows that this is an illusion - a symptom of historical amnesia and statistical fallacies. If you follow the trendlines rather than the headlines, you discover that our lives have become longer, healthier, safer, happier, more peaceful, more stimulating and more prosperous - not just in the West, but worldwide. Such progress is no accident: it''s the gift of a coherent and inspiring value system that many of us embrace without even realizing it. These are the values of the Enlightenment: of reason, science, humanism and progress.The challenges we face today are formidable, including inequality, climate change, Artificial Intelligence and nuclear weapons. But the way to deal with them is not to sink into despair or try to lurch back to a mythical idyllic past; it''s to treat them as problems we can solve, as we have solved other problems in the past. ... Unknown localization key: "more"

Objev podobné jako Enlightenment Now - Steven Pinker

As seen in Design Matters with Debbie Millman, PRINT Magazine, The Slowdown, and Design Boom Stefan Sagmeister’s newest project encourages long-term thinking and reminds us that many things in the world are improving Initially conceived in 2020 as the world entered pandemic lockdown, Stefan Sagmeister has created a book that looks at the state of the world today, illuminating, through collected data, how far we’ve come, and encouraging us to think about where we can go from here. Statistics are vividly brought to life, as numbers are transformed into graphs, inlaid into nineteenth-century paintings, embroidered canvases, lenticular prints, and hand-painted water glasses. The book includes a foreword from psychologist and leading authority on language and the mind, Steven Pinker; a featured essay by graphic designer and historian Steven Heller; and a conversation between Sagmeister and Hans Ulrich Obrist, curator and artistic director of Serpentine Galleries in London and will appeal to all visually minded readers, providing a positive reaction to the tumultuous news cycle of recent years. Published in softcover with flaps Now is Better is contained within a die-cut slipcase and accompanied by a lenticular print designed by Sagmeister. Now is Better is an intriguing and thoughtful visual meditation ... Unknown localization key: "more"

Objev podobné jako Now is Better - Steven Pinker, Hans Ulrich Obrist, Steven Heller, Stefan Sagmeister

Steven Pinker, the bestselling author of The Language Instinct, deploys his gift for explaining big ideas in The Sense of Style - an entertaining writing guide for the 21st centuryWhat is the secret of good prose? Does writing well even matter in an age of instant communication? Should we care? In this funny, thoughtful book about the modern art of writing, Steven Pinker shows us why we all need a sense of style.More than ever before, the currency of our social and cultural lives is the written word, from Twitter and texting to blogs, e-readers and old-fashioned books. But most style guides fail to prepare people for the challenges of writing in the 21st century, portraying it as a minefield of grievous errors rather than a form of pleasurable mastery. They fail to deal with an inescapable fact about language: it changes over time, adapted by millions of writers and speakers to their needs. Confusing changes in the world with moral decline, every generation believes the kids today are degrading society and taking language with it. A guide for the new millennium, writes Steven Pinker, has to be different.Drawing on the latest research in linguistics and cognitive science, Steven Pinker ... Unknown localization key: "more"

Objev podobné jako The Sense of Style - Steven Pinker

One of the world’s greatest thinkers investigates the logic and psychology of common knowledgeAs a cognitive scientist, the ultimate subject of Steven Pinker’s fascination is how we think about each other’s thoughts, ad infinitum. It sounds impossible, but Steven Pinker shows that we do it all the time. This awareness, which we experience as something that is public or \"out there,\" is called common knowledge, and it has a momentous impact on our social, political, and economic lives.Common knowledge, Pinker shows, can make sense of many of life’s enigmas: financial bubbles and crashes, revolutions that come out of nowhere, the posturing and pretence of diplomacy, the eruption of social media shaming mobs and academic cancel culture, the awkwardness of a first date. But people also go to great lengths to avoid common knowledge—to ensure that even if everyone knows something, they can’t know that everyone else knows they know it. And so we get rituals like benign hypocrisy, veiled bribes and threats, sexual innuendo, and pretending not to see the elephant in the room.In exploring the paradoxes of human behaviour, When Everyone Knows that Everyone Knows… invites us to understand the ways we try to get into each other’s heads, ... Unknown localization key: "more"

Objev podobné jako When Everyone Knows That Everyone Knows... - Steven Pinker

''One of the most insightful books I’ve read about what makes us human and how we understand each other'' Bill GatesSteven Pinker, one of the world''s greatest thinkers and bestselling author of Enlightenment Now, The Better Angels of Our Nature and The Language Instinct, reveals the power and perils of thinking alike As a cognitive scientist, the ultimate subject of Steven Pinker’s fascination is how we think about each other’s thoughts, ad infinitum. It sounds impossible, but Steven Pinker shows that we do it all the time. This awareness, which we experience as something that is public or “out there,” is called common knowledge, and it has a momentous impact on our social, political, and economic lives.Common knowledge, Pinker shows, can make sense of many of life’s enigmas: financial bubbles and crashes, revolutions that come out of nowhere, the posturing and pretence of diplomacy, the eruption of social media shaming mobs and academic cancel culture, the awkwardness of a first date. But people also go to great lengths to avoid common knowledge—to ensure that even if everyone knows something, they can’t know that everyone else knows they know it. And so we get rituals like benign hypocrisy, veiled bribes and ... Unknown localization key: "more"

Objev podobné jako When Everyone Knows That Everyone Knows... - Steven Pinker

Môže nám kniha pomôcť byť racionálnejší? Môžeme vďaka nej pochopiť, prečo je všade okolo nás toľko iracionality? Odpovede nielen na tieto otázky a mnohé ďalšie zaujímavé informácie nájdeme práve tu, v knihe autora bestsellerov New York Times Stevena Pinkera.Ľudstvo dnes disponuje priam nevídanými vedomosťami a znalosťami, no zároveň paradoxne akoby prichádzalo o zdravý rozum. Ako je možné, že druh, ktorý dokázal za necelý rok vyvinúť vakcíny proti ochoreniu COVID-19, verí toľkým nezmyslom, šarlatánstvam a konšpiráciám?Steven Pinker rázne odmieta klišé, že ľudia sú jednoduché tvory pochádzajúce z jaskýň, ktorých život riadia povery, skreslenia a omyly. Koniec koncov, objavili sme zákony prírody, skrotili planétu, predĺžili a uľahčili si život a v neposlednom rade sme zadefinovali aj pravidlá racionality. Dokážeme fungovať v neakademickom a netechnokratickom prostredí, kde trávime väčšinu času, no akosi nie sme schopní využívať na uvažovanie nástroje, ktoré sme objavovali celé tisícročia: logiku, kritické myslenie, pravdepodobnosť, koreláciu a kauzalitu. Nevieme optimálne reagovať na nové poznatky, prispôsobiť im svoje názory či správne sa rozhodovať jednotlivo aj kolektívne. Tieto nástroje jednoducho nepatria do našej bežnej výbavy. A navyše nám ich doteraz nikto zrozumiteľne nevysvetlil.Kniha Racionalita skúma aj opak, teda iracionalitu. Steven Pinker v nej vysvetľuje, ako racionálne presadzovanie sebeckých cieľov, sektárska solidarita a ... Unknown localization key: "more"

Objev podobné jako Racionalita - Steven Pinker

''The most inspiring book I''ve ever read'' Bill Gates, 2017''A brilliant, mind-altering book ... Everyone should read this astonishing book'' Guardian''Will change the way you see the world'' Daily MailShortlisted for the Samuel Johnson Prize 2012Wasn''t the twentieth century the most violent in history? In his extraordinary, epic book Steven Pinker shows us that this is wrong, telling the story of humanity in a completely new and unfamiliar way. From why cities make us safer to how books bring about peace, Pinker weaves together history, philosophy and science to examine why we are less likely to die at another''s hand than ever before, how it happened and what it tells us about our very natures. ''May prove to be one of the great books of our time ... he writes like an angel'' Economist''Masterly, a supremely important book ... For anyone interested in human nature, it is engrossing'' The New York Times ''Marvellous ... riveting and myth-destroying'' New Statesman''A marvellous synthesis of science, history and storytelling, written in Pinker''s distinctively entertaining and clear personal style ... I was astonished by the extent to which violence has declined in every shape, form and scale'' Financial Times''An outstandingly fruitful read, with fascinating ... Unknown localization key: "more"

Objev podobné jako The Better Angels of Our Nature - Steven Pinker

**Selected by Bill Gates as One of Five Books to Read This Winter** From one of the world's most celebrated intellectuals, a brilliantly insightful work that explains how we think about each other's thoughts about each other's thoughts, ad infinitum. It sounds impossible, but Steven Pinker shows that we do it all the time. This awareness, which we experience as something that is public or ';out there,' is called common knowledge, and it has a momentous impact on our social, political, and economic lives.Common knowledge is necessary for coordination, for making arbitrary but complementary choices like driving on the right, using paper currency, and coalescing behind a political leader or movement. It's also necessary for social coordination: everything from rendezvousing at a time and place to speaking the same language to forming enduring relationships of friendship, romance, or authority. Humans have a sixth sense for common knowledge, and we create it with signals like laughter, tears, blushing, eye contact, and blunt speech. But people also go to great lengths to avoid common knowledgeto ensure that even if everyone knows something, they can't know that everyone else knows they know it. And so we get rituals like benign hypocrisy, veiled bribes ... Unknown localization key: "more"

Objev podobné jako When Everyone Knows That Everyone Knows . . . - Steven Pinker

Reasoning is the critical thinking skill concerned with the production of arguments: making them coherent, consistent, and well-supported; and responding to opposing positions where necessary. The Better Angels of Our Nature offers a step-by-step class in precisely these skills. Author Steven Pinker''s central thesis is simple: mankind has become increasingly less violent over the centuries, and will continue to do so. Pinker is aware, though, that many people instinctively believe the opposite, and Better Angels is devoted to marshalling data to support and illustrate this central argument, as well as a series of secondary arguments about how and why humanity has become less violent. Pinker''s interpretative skills – understanding the meaning of the complex evidence from history – are also on display throughout, as he tackles the ambiguities of his data, the problems it presents, and the viable inferences one can draw from it.

Objev podobné jako An Analysis of Steven Pinker's The Better Angels of Our Nature - Joulia Smortchkova

**Selected by Bill Gates as One of Five Books to Read This Winter** From one of the world's most celebrated intellectuals, a brilliantly insightful work that explains how we think about each other's thoughts about each other's thoughts, ad infinitum. It sounds impossible, but Steven Pinker shows that we do it all the time. This awareness, which we experience as something that is public or ';out there,' is called common knowledge, and it has a momentous impact on our social, political, and economic lives.Common knowledge is necessary for coordination, for making arbitrary but complementary choices like driving on the right, using paper currency, and coalescing behind a political leader or movement. It's also necessary for social coordination: everything from rendezvousing at a time and place to speaking the same language to forming enduring relationships of friendship, romance, or authority. Humans have a sixth sense for common knowledge, and we create it with signals like laughter, tears, blushing, eye contact, and blunt speech. But people also go to great lengths to avoid common knowledgeto ensure that even if everyone knows something, they can't know that everyone else knows they know it. And so we get rituals like benign hypocrisy, veiled bribes ... Unknown localization key: "more"

Objev podobné jako When Everyone Knows That Everyone Knows . . . - Steven Pinker

“If I could give each of you a graduation present, it would be this—the most inspiring book I''ve ever read." —Bill Gates A provocative history of violence—from the New York Times bestselling author of The Stuff of Thought, The Blank Slate, and Enlightenment Now.Believe it or not, today we may be living in the most peaceful moment in our species'' existence. In his gripping and controversial new work, New York Times bestselling author Steven Pinker shows that despite the ceaseless news about war, crime, and terrorism, violence has actually been in decline over long stretches of history. Exploding myths about humankind''s inherent violence and the curse of modernity, this ambitious book continues Pinker''s exploration of the essence of human nature, mixing psychology and history to provide a remarkable picture of an increasingly enlightened world.

Objev podobné jako Better Angels of Our Nature - Steven Pinker

V knize navazující na úspěšné starší dílo Lepší andělé naší přirozenosti si psycholog, lingvista a vědecký popularizátor Steven Pinker vytyčil ambiciózní cíl: Oživit neprávem zapomínané i zatracované osvícenské ideály rozumu, vědy, humanismu a pokroku, znovu je zformulovat v jazyce a pojmech 21. století a připomenout, že právě těmto ideálům lidstvo vděčí za nebývalý rozkvět v posledních 200 letech. Řadou překvapivých statistik opět dokládá, že navzdory všeobecné skepsi prožíváme nejskvělejší éru lidské historie; svým typickým svěžím stylem s množstvím zábavných citací napříč dějinami filozofie, kultury i popkultury se však zamýšlí i nad aktuálními hrozbami a nad osvícenským přístupem k jejich řešení.

Objev podobné jako Osvícenství tady a teď - Steven Pinker

''Dazzling... Pinker''s big idea is that language is an instinct...as innate to us as flying is to geese... Words can hardly do justice to the superlative range and liveliness of Pinker''s investigations''- Independent''A marvellously readable book... illuminates every facet of human language: its biological origin, its uniqueness to humanity, it acquisition by children, its grammatical structure, the production and perception of speech, the pathology of language disorders and the unstoppable evolution of languages and dialects'' - Nature

Objev podobné jako The Language Instinct - Steven Pinker

A TIMES BOOK OF THE YEAR 2021 ''Punchy, funny and invigorating ... Pinker is the high priest of rationalism'' Sunday Times ''If you''ve ever considered taking drugs to make yourself smarter, read Rationality instead. It''s cheaper, more entertaining, and more effective'' Jonathan Haidt, author of The Righteous Mind In the twenty-first century, humanity is reaching new heights of scientific understanding - and at the same time appears to be losing its mind. How can a species that discovered vaccines for Covid-19 in less than a year produce so much fake news, quack cures and conspiracy theorizing? In Rationality, Pinker rejects the cynical cliché that humans are simply an irrational species - cavemen out of time fatally cursed with biases, fallacies and illusions. After all, we discovered the laws of nature, lengthened and enriched our lives and set the benchmarks for rationality itself. Instead, he explains, we think in ways that suit the low-tech contexts in which we spend most of our lives, but fail to take advantage of the powerful tools of reasoning we have built up over millennia: logic, critical thinking, probability, causal inference, and decision-making under uncertainty. These tools are not a standard part of our educational curricula, ... Unknown localization key: "more"

Objev podobné jako Rationality - Steven Pinker

''A passionate defence of the enduring power of human nature ... both life-affirming and deeply satisfying'' Daily TelegraphRecently many people have assumed that we are blank slates shaped by our environment. But this denies the heart of our being: human nature. Violence is not just a product of society; male and female minds are different; the genes we give our children shape them more than our parenting practices. To acknowledge our innate abilities, Pinker shows, is not to condone inequality, but to understand the very foundations of humanity.''Brilliant ... enjoyable, informative, clear, humane'' New Scientist''If you think the nature-nurture debate has been resolved, you are wrong ... this book is required reading'' Literary Review''An original and vital contribution to science and also a rattling good read'' Matt Ridley, Sunday Telegraph ''Startling ... This is a breath of air for a topic that has been politicized for too long'' Economist

Objev podobné jako The Blank Slate - Steven Pinker

From Steven Johnson, the bestselling author of Where Good Ideas Come From, comes How We Got to Now, the companion book to his six-part BBC One television series exploring the power and the legacy of great ideas.How did photography bring about social reform? What connects refrigeration to Hollywood? And how did our battle against dirt help create smartphones? In this story of ingenious breakthroughs and unsung heroes, Steven Johnson explores the essential innovations that changed the world and how we live in it.''A new Steven Johnson book is something not to be missed. The author has become the leading writer on how inventions happen'' Daniel Finkelstein, The Times, Books of the Year''Graceful and compelling ... you''ll find yourself exhilarated'' The New York Times Book Review''Readable, entertaining, and a challenge to any jaded sensibility that has become inured to the everyday miracles all around us'' Peter Forbes, Guardian''This nimble history of invention . . .is a many-layered delight'' Nature

Objev podobné jako How We Got to Now - Steven Johnson

A fascinating and incisive examination of our language instinct from award-winning science writer Steven Mithen.Along with the concepts of consciousness and intelligence, our capacity for language sits right at the core of what makes us human. But while the evolutionary origins of language have provoked speculation and impassioned debate, music has been neglected if not ignored. Like language it is a universal feature of human culture, one that is a permanent fixture in our daily lives.In THE SINGING NEANDERTHALS, Steven Mithen redresses the balance, drawing on a huge range of sources, from neurological case studies through child psychology and the communication systems of non-human primates to the latest paleoarchaeological evidence.The result is a fascinating and provocative work and a succinct riposte to those, like Steven Pinker, who have dismissed music as a functionless and unimportant evolutionary byproduct.

Objev podobné jako The Singing Neanderthals - Prof Steven Mithen

Toaletní voda Lancôme Les Ô Ôff Now nabízí aromatickou kompozici svěží verbeny a teplého santalového dřeva. Vůně je navržena pro okamžiky relaxace a osobní péče. Flakón zdobí charakteristická rytina růže, symbol značky Lancôme.

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Objev podobné jako Lancôme Les Ô Ôff Now toaletní voda pro ženy 100 ml

Ochranný zadní kryt iSaprio Coffe Now - Redhead je určený pro mobilní telefon Xiaomi Redmi 9A. Kryt je vyroben z pružného TPU materiálu s přesnými výřezy pro všechny porty a ovládací prvky. Zajišťuje základní ochranu telefonu při zachování snadné manipulace.

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Objev podobné jako iSaprio Coffe Now - Redhead pro Xiaomi Redmi 9A (cofnored-TPU3_Rmi9A)

A magisterial work of intellectual history that recasts the Enlightenment as a period not solely consumed with rationale and reason, but rather as a pursuit of practical means to achieve greater human happiness. One of the formative periods of European and world history, the Enlightenment is the fountainhead of modern secular Western values: religious tolerance, freedom of thought, speech and the press, of rationality and evidence-based argument. Yet why, over three hundred years after it began, is the Enlightenment so profoundly misunderstood as controversial, the expression of soulless calculation? The answer may be that, to an extraordinary extent, we have accepted the account of the Enlightenment given by its conservative enemies: that enlightenment necessarily implied hostility to religion or support for an unfettered free market, or that this was the best of all possible worlds. Ritchie Robertson goes back into the long eighteenth century, from approximately 1680 to 1790, to reveal what this much-debated period of European history was really about.Robertson returns to the eras original texts to show that above all, the Enlightenment was really about increasing human happiness in this world rather than the next by promoting scientific inquiry and reasoned argument. In so doing Robertson chronicles the ... Unknown localization key: "more"

Objev podobné jako Enlightenment - Ritchie Robertson

The Enlightenment that Failed explores the growing rift between those Enlightenment trends and initiatives that appealed exclusively to elites and those aspiring to enlighten all of society by raising mankind''s awareness, freedoms, and educational level generally. Jonathan I. Israel explains why the democratic and radical secularizing tendency of the Western Enlightenment, after gaining some notable successes during the revolutionary era (1775-1820) in numerous countries, especially in Europe, North America, and Spanish America, ultimately failed. He argues that a populist, Robespierriste tendency, sharply at odds with democratic values and freedom of expression, gained an ideological advantage in France, and that the negative reaction this generally provoked caused a more general anti-Enlightenment reaction, a surging anti-intellectualism combined with forms of religious revival that largely undermined the longings of the deprived, underprivileged, and disadvantaged, and ended by helping, albeit often unwittingly, conservative anti-Enlightenment ideologies to dominate the scene. The Enlightenment that Failed relates both the American and the French revolutions to the Enlightenment in a markedly different fashion from how this is usually done, showing how both great revolutions were fundamentally split between bitterly opposed and utterly incompatible ideological tendencies. Radical Enlightenment, which had been an effective ideological challenge to the prevailing monarchical-aristocratic ... Unknown localization key: "more"

Objev podobné jako The Enlightenment that Failed - Jonathan I. Israel

Enlightenment studies are currently in a state of flux, with unresolved arguments among its adherents about its dates, its locations, and the contents of the ''movement''. This book cuts the Gordian knot.There are many books claiming to explain the Enlightenment, but most assume that it was a thing. J. C. D. Clark shows what it actually was, namely a historiographical concept. Currently ''the Enlightenment'' is a term widely accepted across popular culture and in a variety of academic disciplines, notably history, philosophy, political theory, political science, literary studies, and theology; Clark calls for a fundamental reconsideration in each. The Enlightenment: An Idea and Its History provides a critical historical analysis of the Enlightenment in England, Scotland, France, Germany, and the United States from c. 1650 to the present. It argues that the degree of commonality between social and intellectual movements in each--and, more broadly, between the five societies--has been overstated for polemical purposes. Clark shows that the concept of ''the Enlightenment'' was not widely adopted in those societies until the mid-twentieth century; indeed, that it was unknown in the eighteenth. Without the concept, people at the time were unable to act in ways that would have created the Enlightenment as ... Unknown localization key: "more"

Objev podobné jako The Enlightenment - J. C. D. Clark

Electricity was the scientific fashion of the Enlightenment, 'an Entertainment for Angels, rather than for Men'. Lecturers attracted huge audiences to marvel at sparkling fountains, flaming drinks, pirouetting dancers and electrified boys. Enlightenment optimists predicted that this new-found power of nature would cure illnesses, improve crop production, even bring the dead back to life.Benjamin Franklin, better known as one of America's founding fathers, played a key role in developing the new instruments and theories of electricity during the eighteenth century. Celebrated for drawing lightning down from the sky with a kite, Franklin was an Enlightenment expert on electricity, developing one of the most successful explanations of this mysterious phenomenon.But Patricia Fara, Senior Tutor of Clare College Cambridge, reveals how the study of electricity became intertwined with Enlightenment politics. By demonstrating their control of the natural world, Enlightenment philosophers hoped to gain authority over society. And their stunning electrical performances provided dramatic evidence of their special powers.

Objev podobné jako Entertainment for Angels, Electricity in the Enlightenment

'A characteristically radical re-reading of history that places the social and political experiments of pirates at the heart of the European Enlightenment. A brilliant companion volume to the best-selling Dawn of Everything' Amitav GhoshThe Enlightenment did not begin in Europe. Its true origins lie thousands of miles away on the island of Madagascar, in the late seventeenth century, when it was home to several thousand pirates.This was the Golden Age of Piracy - but it was also, argues anthropologist David Graeber, a brief window of radical democracy, as the pirate settlers attempted to apply the egalitarian principles of their ships to a new society on land. In this jewel of a book, Graeber offers a way to 'decolonize the Enlightenment', demonstrating how this mixed community experimented with an alternative vision of human freedom, far from that being formulated in the salons and coffee houses of Europe. Its actors were Malagasy women, philosopher kings and escaped slaves, exploring ideas that were ultimately to be put into practice by Western revolutionary regimes a century later.Pirate Enlightenment playfully dismantles the central myths of the Enlightenment. In their place comes a story about the magic, sea battles, purloined princesses, manhunts, make-believe kingdoms, fraudulent ambassadors, ... Unknown localization key: "more"

Objev podobné jako Pirate Enlightenment, or the Real Libertalia - David Graeber

The Enlightenment is popularly seen as the Age of Reason, a key moment in human history when ideals such as freedom, progress, natural rights and constitutional government prevailed. In this radical re-evaluation, historian Richard Whatmore shows why, for many at its centre, the Enlightenment was a profound failure. By the early eighteenth century, hope was widespread that Enlightenment could be coupled with toleration, the progress of commerce and the end of the fanatic wars of religion that were destroying Europe. At its heart was the battle to establish and maintain liberty in free states – and the hope that absolute monarchies such as France and free states like Britain might even subsist together, equally respectful of civil liberties. Yet all of this collapsed when states pursued wealth and empire by means of war. Xenophobia was rife and liberty itself turned fanatic. The End of Enlightenment traces the changing perspectives of economists, philosophers, politicians and polemicists around the world, including figures as diverse as David Hume, Adam Smith, Edmund Burke and Mary Wollstonecraft. They had strived to replace superstition with reason, but witnessed instead terror and revolution, corruption, gross commercial excess and the continued growth of violent colonialism. Returning us to ... Unknown localization key: "more"

Objev podobné jako The End of Enlightenment - Whatmore Richard

Challenging the common assumption that the Enlightenment of the late seventeenth and the eighteenth centuries was an essentially secular, irreligious and atheistic movement, this book critiques this standard interpretation as based on a narrow view of Enlightenment sources. Building on the work of revisionist historians, this volume takes the argument squarely into the theological domain, whether Anglican, Dissenting, Lutheran or deistic, whilst also noting that the Enlightenment deeply affected Roman Catholic and Jewish theologies. It challenges the stereotype of ‘Enlightenment rationalism’, and the penultimate chapter brings out the biblical and ecclesial roots of the image of enlightenment and reclaims it for Christian faith.

Objev podobné jako Theology and the Enlightenment - The Rev. Professor Paul Avis

The Enlightenment shaped modernity. Western values of representative democracy and basic human rights, gender and racial equality, individual liberty, and freedom of expression and the press, form an interlocking system that derives directly from the Enlightenment''s philosophical revolution. This fact is uncontested - yet remarkably few historians or philosophers have attempted to trace the process of ideas from the political and social turmoil of the late eighteenth century to the present day. This is precisely what Jonathan Israel now does. He demonstrates that the Enlightenment was an essentially revolutionary process, driven by philosophical debate. From 1789, its impetus came from a small group of philosophe-revolutionnaires, men such as Mirabeau, Sieyes, Condorcet, Volney, Roederer, and Brissot. Not aligned to any of the social groups who took the lead in the French National assembly, the Paris commune, or the editing of the Parisian revolutionary journals, they nonetheless forged ''la philosophie moderne'' -- in effect Radical Enlightenment ideas -- into a world-transforming ideology that had a lasting impact in Latin America and eastern Europe as well as France, Italy, Germany, and the Low Countries. Whilst all French revolutionary journals clearly stated that la philosophie moderne was the main cause of the French Revolution, ... Unknown localization key: "more"

Objev podobné jako Democratic Enlightenment - Jonathan I. Israel

The Enlightenment and Why It Still Matters tells nothing less than the story of how the modern, Western view of the world was born. Cultural and intellectual historian Anthony Pagden explains how, and why, the ideal of a universal, global, and cosmopolitan society became such a central part of the Western imagination in the ferment of the Enlightenment - and how these ideas have done battle with an inward-looking, tradition-oriented view of the world ever since. Cosmopolitanism is an ancient creed; but in its modern form it was a creature of the Enlightenment attempt to create a new ''science of man'', based upon a vision of humanity made up of autonomous individuals, free from all the constraints imposed by custom, prejudice, and religion. As Pagden shows, this ''new science'' was based not simply on ''cold, calculating reason'', as its critics claimed, but on the argument that all humans are linked by what in the Enlightenment were called ''sympathetic'' attachments. The conclusion was that despite the many tribes and nations into which humanity was divided there was only one ''human nature'', and that the final destiny of the species could only be the creation of one universal, cosmopolitan society. This new ... Unknown localization key: "more"

Objev podobné jako The Enlightenment - Anthony Pagden

"Introducing The Enlightenment" is the essential guide to the giants of the Enlightenment - Voltaire, Diderot, Adam Smith, Samuel Johnson, Immanuel Kant, Benjamin Franklin, and Thomas Jefferson. The Enlightenment of the 18th century was a crucial time in human history - a vast moral, scientific and political movement, the work of intellectuals across Europe and the New World, who began to free themselves from despotism, bigotry and superstition and tried to change the world. "Introducing The Enlightenment" is a clear and accessible introduction to the leading thinkers of the age, the men and women who believed that rational endeavour could reveal the secrets of the universe.

Objev podobné jako Introducing the Enlightenment - Lloyd Spencer

Arguably the most decisive shift in the history of ideas in modern times was the complete demolition during the late seventeenth and eighteenth centuries - in the wake of the Scientific Revolution - of traditional structures of authority, scientific thought, and belief, by the new philosophy and the philosophies, culminating in Voltaire, Diderot, and Rousseau. In this revolutionary process which effectively overthrew all justification for monarchy, aristocracy, slavery, and ecclesiastical authority, as well as man''s asendancy over woman and theology''s domination over education and study, substituting the modern principles of equality, democracy, and universality, the Radical Enlightenment played a crucially important part. Despite the present-day interest in the revolutions of the late eighteenth century, the origins and rise of the Radical Enlightenment have been astonishingly little studied, doubtless largely because if its very wide international sweep and the obvious difficulties of fitting it into the restrictive conventions of ''national history'' which until recently tended to dominate all historiography. The greatest obstacle to the Radical Enlightenment finding its proper place in modern historical writing is simply that it was not French, British, German, Italian, Jewish or Dutch, but all of these at the same time. In this novel interpretation of the ... Unknown localization key: "more"

Objev podobné jako Radical Enlightenment - Professor Jonathan I. Israel

Director, writer, editor, producer . . . Steven Spielberg is the person behind some of the most celebrated films ever made. Little People, BIG DREAMS Steven Spielberg is an empowering testament to believing in yourself and following your childhood dream.Little Steven was six when he first went to the cinema. Although he didn''t understand the story, he was captivated by the beauty of the moving pictures on screen. Soon after, he picked up his Dad''s film camera and began experimenting. By his teens he was making short films – carefully crafting every part of the process, from writing the scripts to directing the shots. Filmmaking was a refuge for Steven, who faced bullying and anti semitism at school. With his camera, editing machine and notebook he could create a world he felt safe in. As he grew, he found somewhere else he felt at home: Universal studios. He first visited the company''s lot during a studio tour, and was later hired after impressing executives with a short films. Within a few years, Steven went from making TV movies to cinematic blockbusters. Audiences fell in love with his heartwarming adventures, like ET and Jurassic Park, and were deeply moved by his ... Unknown localization key: "more"

Objev podobné jako Steven Spielberg - Sanchez Vegara Maria Isabel

DVD kolekce Steven Seagal obsahuje filmy: Nico, Těžko ho zabít, Nemilosrdná spravedlnost, Přepadení v Pacifiku, Přepadení 2: Temné území, Glimmer Man, Tajný agent Jack T., Lovec policajtů. Český dabing. Nico (DVD) Chicagský policajt Nico Toscani (Steven Seagal) je na stopě něčeho velkého. Podezřelí, zadržení při policejním protidrogovém zátahu, jsou propuštěni a Nico sám musí odevzdat policejní odznak. Možná, že ho postavili mimo službu – v akci mu ale zabránit nemohou. Pro Stevena Seagala je Nico senzačním filmovým debutem, který ho katapultoval přímo mezi největší akční hvězdy a vyslal ho po stopách bývalých agentů CIA, kteří pašují drogy... a plánují politický atentát. Jak se Nico a jeho partnerka Jax (Pam Grier) blíží k psychopatickému gangsterskému bossovi (Henry Silva), rozpoutává režisér Andrew Davis (Uprchlík) nad celým Chicagem doslova akční smršť. Těžko ho zabít (DVD) Agent Mason Storm (Steven Seagal) odhalil spojení vysoce postavených politiků s mafií. Protože se nechtěl nechat zastavit v boji proti korupci, zločinci připravili krutou pomstu - skupina vrahů přepadla jeho rodinu a Masonova manželka je zastřelena. Také agenta považují za mrtvého. Mason Storm však žije. Bude trvat velmi dlouho, než se pustí do hledání vrahů. Potom už jej však nic nezastavíDetektiv Mason Storm pořídí usvědčující videozáznam schůzky neznámého ... Unknown localization key: "more"

Objev podobné jako Steven Seagal kolekce (9 DVD)

The Age of Enlightenment of the 18th century, also called the Age of Reason, was so named for an intellectual movement that shook the foundations of Western civilization. In championing radical ideas such as individual liberty and an empirical appraisal of the universe through rational inquiry and natural experience, Enlightenment philosophers in Europe and America planted the seeds for modern liberalism, cultural humanism, science and technology, and laissez-faire Capitalism This volume brings together works from this era, with more than 100 selections from a range of sources. It includes examples by Kant, Diderot, Voltaire, Newton, Rousseau, Locke, Franklin, Jefferson, Madison, and Paine that demonstrate the pervasive impact of Enlightenment views on philosophy and epistemology as well as on political, social, and economic institutions.

Objev podobné jako The Portable Enlightenment Reader - Isaac Kramnick

Theodor Adorno and Max Horkheimer are the leading figures of the Frankfurt School and this book is their magnum opus. Dialectic of Enlightenment is one of the most celebrated works of modern social philosophy that continues to impress in its wide-ranging ambition.Writing just after the Second World War and reflecting on the bureaucracy and myths of National Socialism and the inanity of the dawn of consumerism, Adorno and Horkheimer addressed themselves to a question which went to the very heart of the modern age: 'why mankind, instead of entering into a truly human condition, is sinking into a new kind of barbarism'. Modernity, far from redeeming the promises and hopes of the Enlightenment, had resulted in a stultification of mankind and administered society, characterised by simulation and candy-floss entertainment.Tracing humanity’s modern fall to the very rationality that was to be its liberation, the authors exposed the domination and violence that underpin the Enlightenment project.

Objev podobné jako Dialectic of Enlightenment - Max Horkheimer, Theodor Adorno

Cutting-edge science meets demonic possession: the long-awaited new supernatural thriller from award-winning author Lynn Hightower."A spooky, suspenseful masterpiece. Super-recommended!" - LEE CHILD, #1 international bestselling author of the Jack Reacher thrillers"Sensitive characterizations match the imaginative plot. Readers will compulsively turn the pages to see how it all ends" - Publishers Weekly Starred ReviewHave you ever known anyone who survived being possessed? You do now. You''ve met me.Noah Archer is a renowned neurosurgeon, with an impressive success record. He has a happy home, with his beloved wife Moira, their two adopted sons, and a dog who''s a very good girl.But Noah keeps a dark secret, shared only with his old friend Father Perry Cavanaugh. When he was just a boy, he was possessed by a demon - and it was only thanks to the exorcist priest that he survived. Now, Noah works at the cutting edge of medical science and religion, researching the effects of spirituality on the brain. His current research study - The Enlightenment Project - promises breakthrough treatments for depression, addiction and mental illness, and preliminary results are astounding.But after a late-night emergency surgery, Noah returns to his office to find Father Perry waiting for him, with a ... Unknown localization key: "more"

Objev podobné jako The Enlightenment Project - Lynn Hightower

Kant’s defence of religion and attempts to reconcile faith with reason position him as a moderate Enlightenment thinker in existing scholarship. Challenging this view and reconceptualising Kant’s religion along rationalist lines, Anna Tomaszewska sheds light on its affinities with the ideas of the radical Enlightenment, originating in the work of Baruch Spinoza and understood as a critique of divine revelation. Distinguishing the epistemological, ethical and political aspects of such a critique, Tomaszewska shows how Kant’s defence of religion consists of rationalizing its core tenets and establishing morality as the essence of religious faith. She aligns him with other early modern rationalists and German Spinozists and reveals the significance for contemporary political philosophy. Providing reasons for prioritizing freedom of thought, and hence religious criticism, over an unqualified freedom of belief, Kant''s theology approximates the secularising tendency of the radical Enlightenment. Here is an understanding of how the shift towards a secular outlook in Western culture was shaped by attempts to rationalize rather than uproot Christianity.

Objev podobné jako Kant’s Rational Religion and the Radical Enlightenment - Dr Anna Tomaszewska

A panoramic view of the Age of Enlightenment.From the search for knowledge and a new kind of science to debates about religion, human equality, freedom of mankind, the demand for civil rights, mercantilism, and cosmopolitanism, many issues that the great thinkers of the Enlightenment dealt with are now fundamental to our society. Even today, we are still striving for some of their goals.Prepare in celebration of the three hundredth birthday of Enlightenment philosopher Immanuel Kant in 2024, this book offers the perfect occasion to take a closer look at the long eighteenth century. What were the most important debates at the time? What contradictions and ambivalences, conflicts over concepts, and demands can be revealed today? This comprehensive publication, with contributions by international experts, explores the changing ideas of science, equality, and tolerance of the past and the present.

Objev podobné jako What is Enlightenment? Questions for the eighteenth century

From the bestselling author of Everything Bad is Good For You, Steven Johnson''s The Ghost Map vividly recreates Victorian London to show how huge populations live together, how cities can kill - and how they can save us. Steven Johnson is one of today''s most exciting writers about popular culture, urban living and new technology. In The Ghost Map he tells the story of the terrifying cholera epidemic that engulfed London in 1854, and the two unlikely heroes - anesthetist Doctor John Snow and affable clergyman Reverend Henry Whitehead - who defeated the disease through a combination of local knowledge, scientific research and map-making. In telling their extraordinary story, Steven Johnson also explores a whole world of ideas and connections, from urban terror to microbes, ecosystems to the Great Stink, cultural phenomena to street life. ''A wonderful book'' Mail on Sunday ''A thumping page-turner'' Daily Telegraph ''Enthralling ... vivid and gripping'' New Statesman ''Exhilarating'' Spectator ''It is a rattling scientific mystery, but in the hands of Steven Johnson it becomes something much richer ... a vast, interconnected picture about urban and bacterial life ... it is difficult to do justice to the exuberance of Johnson''s ideas'' Scotland on Sunday Steven ... Unknown localization key: "more"

Objev podobné jako The Ghost Map - Steven Johnson

Steven Bartlett is an Entrepreneur, speaker, investor, author and the host of UK's No.1 podcast ‘The Diary of a CEO’ - an unfiltered journey into the remarkable stories and untold dimensions of the world’s most influential people, experts and thinkers.Steven is an accomplished investor in the health and wellness space with notable investments including Huel - UK’s fastest growing e-commerce company internationally, and Zoe - the personalised nutrition programme created by the world’s top scientists. Previous investments include The Healing Company, atai Life Sciences, Alto Neuroscience and AbCellera. Steven's other investments focus on blockchain technologies, biotech, space, Web 3 and social media.Known for his innovative and disruptive approach to social media marketing, Steven co-founded Flight Story – a marketing and communications company that works with leading brands. He has also launched his own private equity fund, Flight Fund, to accelerate the next generation of European unicorns.Steven co-founded thirdweb - a software platform, backed by Shopify and Coinbase, that makes it easy to build web3 applications.

Objev podobné jako The Diary of a CEO - Steven Bartlett

From original Guns N’ Roses drummer Steven Adler comes a tale of sex, drugs, excess, hairspray and and intense 20-year struggle with addiction. Guns N' Roses is one of the world’s most successful rock bands, with estimated sales of 90 million albums worldwide. Steven Adler is the original drummer, with an infamous past of sex, drugs, and rock 'n roll that led to his removal from the band.And here, for the first time, Steven Adler tells it all. In My Appetite for Destruction, he reveals with wit and candour his personal struggles with drug addiction, including the financial ruin he faced after being kicked out of Guns N’ Roses and the health problems that almost claimed his life several times – two heart attacks, a suicide attempt, and a debilitating stroke, as well as an epic 20-year addiction to crack and heroin. Now clean and sober, Steven sets the record straight on his life and his time with Guns N' Roses, during the rise and collapse of one of the greatest rock bands of all time.

Objev podobné jako My Appetite for Destruction - Steven Adler

Coloring is spooky, demon-summoning fun in this interactive book from artist Steven Rhodes. Apply your dark artistic talents to these retro 1970s- and 1980s-inspired, wickedly funny pop horror and sci fi pages. . . IF YOU DARE.Unleash abominations, discover hidden spell words, and practice the dark art of coloring in the lines with this fiendishly clever coloring and activity book. Find dozens of surreally funny, retro-inspired parody designs such as Alien Abduction Club, Here Comes the Apocalypse, Death Metal Sing-Along, and Portal to the Cat Dimension, all rendered in spooky black and white and ready for you to add your unearthly coloring inspiration.But that''s not all! Try if you dare the uncannily entertaining activities inside. Join the dots to see what abomination Julie has unleashed into the world. Roll the dice to see which of your friends can be abducted by aliens first. Plus sinister shadow puppets, occult career selector paper dolls, spot the clowns in the graveyard, and other chilling chill-out coloring and activity fun times for ghouls and gargoyles alike.WITCHES! ALIENS! ZOMBIES! CLOWNS! Color them in to fend them off, or encourage them, as you wish.HOME ALONE? PART OF AN OTHERWORLDLY CULT? Whether coloring alone or having fun ... Unknown localization key: "more"

Objev podobné jako Let's Summon Demons - Steven Rhodes

Now available in trade paper!Has life gone the way you thought it would go? Have your senses of safety, security, and confidence been replaced with fear, doubt, anxiety, and even depression and despair? By following the biblical example of Joseph and the teachings of Jesus, learn to turn your hurt and trials into a springboard for a more tangible and intimate relationship with God. In 2016, a year after releasing his book Jesus Speaks, bestselling author Steven K. Scott''s mentor and dearest friend, Gary Smalley, fell asleep in his bed and woke up in heaven. Steven had lost not only his best friend of forty-three years but also his most enthusiastic encourager.Brokenhearted, he lost his passion to write. In 2020, Steven was hospitalized, wondering if he''d survive COVID, and the Holy Spirit let him know, in no uncertain terms, that it was time to break free from past hurts and disappointments, start living in the present, and do what God had called him to do. Inspired, Steven began studying the life of Joseph, a biblical figure who suffered trauma after trauma but used his suffering as a tool.With so many people living in a world of hurt and uncertainty, The ... Unknown localization key: "more"

Objev podobné jako The Joseph Principles - Steven K. Scott

A BEST BOOK OF THE YEAR: NPR, Telegraph, Washington Post, The New Yorker. LONGLISTED FOR THE BOOKER PRIZE. Like A.S. Byatts Possession, Enlightenment is a baroque, genre-bending novel of ideas, ghosts and hidden histories. A richly layered epic....a heartfelt paean to the consolations of the sublime, where religion and science meet." - Telegraph"Read it, then read it again. This is a book full of unexpected wonders." - Literary ReviewFrom the author of The Essex Serpent, a dazzling and character-driven novel of love and astronomy told over the course of twenty years through the lives of two improbable best friends.Thomas Hart and Grace Macaulay have lived all their lives in the small Essex town of Aldleigh. Though separated in age by three decades, the pair are kindred spiritstorn between their commitment to religion and their desire to explore the world beyond their small Baptist community.It is two romantic relationships that will rend their friendship, and in the wake of this rupture, Thomas develops an obsession with a historical mystery surrounding a vanished nineteenth-century astronomer said to haunt a nearby manor, and Grace flees Aldleigh entirely for London. Over the course of twenty years, by coincidence and design, Thomas and Grace will ... Unknown localization key: "more"

Objev podobné jako Enlightenment - Sarah Perryová

SHORTLISTED FOR THE BAILLIE GIFFORD PRIZE 2017''An eye-opening, well-written and very timely book'' Yuval Noah Harari''The best sort of book for our disordered days: timely, urgent and illuminating'' Pankaj Mishra''It strikes a blow…for common humanity'' Sunday TimesThe Muslim world has often been accused of a failure to modernise and adapt. Yet in this sweeping narrative and provocative retelling of modern history, Christopher de Bellaigue charts the forgotten story of the Islamic Enlightenment – the social movements, reforms and revolutions that transfigured the Middle East from the early nineteenth century to the present day. Modern ideals and practices were embraced across the region, including the adoption of modern medicine, the emergence of women from purdah and the development of democracy.The Islamic Enlightenment looks behind the sensationalist headlines in order to foster a genuine understanding of Islam and its relationship to the West. It is essential reading for anyone engaged in the state of the world today.

Objev podobné jako The Islamic Enlightenment - Christopher de Bellaigue

Suppressed for centuries, the ideas of French philosopher Émilie Du Châtelet are ever relevant today...Just as the Enlightenment was gaining momentum throughout Europe, philosopher Émilie Du Châtelet broke through the many barriers facing women at the time and published a major philosophical treatise in French. Within a few short years, she became famous: she was read and debated from Russia to Prussia, from Switzerland to England, from up north in Sweden to down south in Italy. This was not just remarkable because she was a woman, but because of the substance of her contributions. While the men in her milieu like Voltaire and Kant sought disciples to promote their ideas, Du Châtelet promoted intellectual autonomy. She counselled her readers to read the classics, but never to become a follower of another''s ideas. Her proclamation that a true philosopher must remain an independent thinker, rather than a disciple of some supposedly “great man” like Isaac Newton or René Descartes, posed a threat to an emerging consensus in the Enlightenment. And that made her dangerous. After all, if young women took Du Châtelet''s advice to heart, if they insisted on thinking for themselves, they might demand a proper education--the exclusion of women ... Unknown localization key: "more"

Objev podobné jako The Enlightenment's Most Dangerous Woman - Andrew Janiak

Blamed for the bloody disasters of the 20th century: Auschwitz, the Gulags, globalisation, Islamic terrorism; heralded as the harbinger of reason, equality, and the end of arbitrary rule, the Enlightenment has been nothing if not divisive. To this day historians disagree over when it was, where it was, and what it was (and sometimes, still is). Kieron O''Hara deftly traverses these conflicts, presenting the history, politics, science, religion, arts, and social life of the Enlightenment not as a simple set of easily enumerated ideas, but an evolving conglomerate that spawned a very diverse set of thinkers, from the radical Rousseau to the conservative Burke.

Objev podobné jako The Enlightenment - Kieron O'Hara

French philosopher Jean-Jacques Rousseau wrote, ‘the general effect of the theatre is to strengthen the national character to augment the national inclinations, and to give a new energy to all the passions’. During the Enlightenment, the advancement of radical ideas along with the emergence of the bourgeois class contributed to a renewed interest in theatre’s efficacy, informed by philosophy yet on behalf of politics. While the 18th century saw a growing desire to define the unique and specific features of a nation’s drama, and audiences demanded more realistic portrayals of humanity, theatre is also implicated in this age of revolutions. A Cultural History of Theatre in the Age of Enlightenment examines these intersections, informed by the writings of key 18th-century philosophers. Richly illustrated with 45 images, the ten chapters each take a different theme as their focus: institutional frameworks; social functions; sexuality and gender; the environment of theatre; circulation; interpretations; communities of production; repertoire and genres; technologies of performance; and knowledge transmission.

Objev podobné jako A Cultural History of Theatre in the Age of Enlightenment

A BEST BOOK OF THE YEAR: NPR, Telegraph, Washington Post, The New Yorker. LONGLISTED FOR THE BOOKER PRIZE. Like A.S. Byatts Possession, Enlightenment is a baroque, genre-bending novel of ideas, ghosts and hidden histories. A richly layered epic....a heartfelt paean to the consolations of the sublime, where religion and science meet." - Telegraph"Read it, then read it again. This is a book full of unexpected wonders." - Literary ReviewFrom the author of The Essex Serpent, a dazzling and character-driven novel of love and astronomy told over the course of twenty years through the lives of two improbable best friends.Thomas Hart and Grace Macaulay have lived all their lives in the small Essex town of Aldleigh. Though separated in age by three decades, the pair are kindred spiritstorn between their commitment to religion and their desire to explore the world beyond their small Baptist community.It is two romantic relationships that will rend their friendship, and in the wake of this rupture, Thomas develops an obsession with a historical mystery surrounding a vanished nineteenth-century astronomer said to haunt a nearby manor, and Grace flees Aldleigh entirely for London. Over the course of twenty years, by coincidence and design, Thomas and Grace will ... Unknown localization key: "more"

Objev podobné jako Enlightenment - Sarah Perryová

Armed with the insights of the scientific revolution, the men of the Enlightenment set out to free mankind from its age-old cocoon of pessimism and superstition and establish a more reasonable world of experiment and progress. Yet by the 1760s, this optimism about man and society had almost evaporated. In the works of Rousseau, Kant and Goethe, there was discernible a new inner voice, and an awareness of individual uniqueness which had eluded their more self-confident predecessors. The stage was set for the revolutionary crisis and the rise of Romanticism. In this book, Norman Hampson follows through certain dominant themes in the Enlightenment, and describes the contemporary social and political climate, in which ideas could travel from the salons of Paris to the court of Catherine the Great - but less easily from a master to his servant. On such vexed issues as the role of ideas in the "rise of the middle class" he provides a new and realistic approach linking intellectual and social history.

Objev podobné jako The Enlightenment - Norman Hampson